Components

Explore the Individual Components That Make Up Artificial Turf Systems

When considering or researching artificial grass, you’ll come across some industry jargon that can be confusing and frustrating. While the terminology may be second nature to those in the turf industry, to most people it makes little sense. As the information hub of the artificial turf industry, our aim is to provide you with the knowledge and information necessary to understand the different components that make up the anatomy of an artificial grass system. Below, you’ll find sections about each of the components involved in creating an artificial grass installation that’s beautiful, functional, and durable. Becoming familiar with the anatomy of an artificial turf system, you’ll be better equipped to speak with artificial turf installers or suppliers without feeling overwhelmed with all of the terminology.

Components of Artificial Turf Systems

Turf Fibers

The foundation of artificial grass lies in its synthetic fibers. These fibers are typically made of materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or a blend of both. Polyethylene offers a soft, natural texture, while polypropylene provides durability. These fibers are designed to withstand the rigors of outdoor use while maintaining a lifelike appearance.

Turf Fibers Closeup
Thatch Fibers Closeup

Thatch Fibers

Beneath the surface, artificial grass often includes a thatch layer. Thatch consists of shorter, curly, densely woven fibers that mimic the layer of dead grass and organic matter found in natural lawns. It enhances the realistic appearance of the turf and adds to its softness. Thatch is usually a tan, brown, yellow, or green. In addition to providing a realistic texture to turf, thatch also plays a role in the density of the turf. This is because thatch is included in face weight. In general: products without thatch are much more dense at the top of the pile. Products with thatch have a more balanced density from top to bottom. Sometimes thatch is short and sometimes it is long, which changes the overall appearance and softness of the turf at different levels.

Turf Backing

Artificial grass backing is vital for the stability, durability, and overall quality of synthetic turf. The backing material of artificial grass typically consists of two layers – the primary and secondary backing. Each layer serves a unique purpose in maintaining the integrity of the turf. By gaining an understanding of these components and the advantages and disadvantages of each coating, you can make an informed choice when selecting the right backing for your artificial grass.

Investing in a superior backing not only enhances the performance of your synthetic turf but also ensures its long-term appeal and functionality. Don’t compromise on quality – choose the backing that guarantees a vibrant, durable, and enduring artificial grass surface.

Turf Backing Closeup
Infill Material Closeup

Infill Material

During the installation of artificial grass, a very small granular material called infill is spread over the turf. Typically consisting of sand, this infill serves several important purposes that contribute to the overall performance and longevity of the grass. Infill acts as ballast, keeping turf in place, protects the backing from UV damage, keeps fibers upright, and mimics the sensation of walking on natural grass. Additionally, infill materials can contribute to efficient drainage and reduce odors, especially in pet-friendly environments.

Sub-Base Materials

A common misconception about artificial turf installation is that it is simply installed over dirt. If any company says this is how they’ll be installing your project, RUN! The “base” is what a company will install and compact underneath the artificial turf. A durable, drainable base underneath the artificial turf is very important.

Decomposed granite and class II road base are the most commonly used base materials. The best practice for base underneath a turf installation is to compact 3 – 4” of base material. This helps to ensure a more durable area with better drainage. However, the amount of base used is completely dependent on turf application and property attributes.

Class II Road Base Closeup
Shock Pad Closeup

Shock Pads

Shock pad is a type of underlay that is often used as a base for artificial grass at schools and on playgrounds. Made out of fused together polyethylene pieces, Shock pad is a fall cushioning substrate. It has a spongy but firm feel which makes it perfect for use as an outdoor safety surface.

Used under and around play equipment in schools and daycares, shock pads are used to deliver what’s called a ‘critical fall height’. A critical fall height is the greatest height of head first fall, from which a child, landing on a surface could be expected to avoid sustaining a critical head injury. Shock pad is used to meet these critical fall heights – typically between 3 – 6 feet.

Drainage Tiles

Commonly used when installing turf on concrete or non-permeable surfaces, drainage tiles are a grid of interconnected tiles that elevate turf above the installation surface. This allows air to circulate under the turf and water to easily drain without pooling on the surface. Drainage tiles create a 1 inch 92% air void underneath your artificial turf and helps to keep the surface temperature at lower levels due to its ability to allow a continuous movement of air. The tiles work perfectly with pets as well because they separate artificial grass from the subfloor such as concrete and ensures that dog urine is able to drain away efficiently, thereby preventing the buildup of odor and bacteria.

Drainage Tile Closeup

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